Kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb mus rau lub tsheb hluav taws xob (EVs) tau txais lub zog tseem ceeb hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los. Raws li tsoomfwv thawb rau cov kev daws teeb meem kev thauj mus los ntsuab thiab cov neeg siv khoom tau txais cov tsheb zoo hauv eco, qhov kev thov raucoj mus muag EV chargersua surged. Kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev thauj mus los tsis yog qhov sib txawv tab sis yog qhov tsim nyog, thiab cov lag luam muaj lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb los koom nrog qhov kev hloov pauv no los ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha.
Hauv xyoo 2023, nws tau kwv yees tias ntau dua 10 lab lub tsheb hluav taws xob tau nyob ntawm txoj kev thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tus lej no tau npaj siab yuav nce ntxiv. Txhawm rau txhawb qhov kev hloov pauv no, kev nthuav dav ntawmkev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tshebyog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov chaw nres tsheb no yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom cov tswv EV tuaj yeem them lawv lub tsheb tab sis kuj tsim kom muaj lub zog muaj zog, siv tau, thiab kev them nyiaj ruaj khov uas txhawb nqa dav dav ntawm cov tsheb fais fab. Seb nws yog ntawm achaw nres tsheb them nqi lag luamnyob rau hauv lub khw lossis lub tsev ua haujlwm, EV chargers tam sim no yog ib qho yuav tsum muaj rau cov lag luam nrhiav kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom niaj hnub no.
Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, peb yuav muab qhov tob tob saibcoj mus muag EV chargers, pab cov lag luam nkag siab txog ntau hom chargers muaj.
Yuav Xaiv Li Cas: Kev Lag Luam EV Charger Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Siv daim ntawv txheeb xyuas no los qhia koj qhov kev xaiv:
A. Siv Case & Lub Sijhawm Nyob:(piv txwv li, Khw Muag Khoom - 1-2 teev -> Theem 2 Lub Hwj Chim Siab).
B. Muaj Chaw Nres Tsheb:(piv txwv li, Fleet Depot -> Theem 2 lossis DCFC raws li kev hloov pauv).
C. Hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm:(Puas yog cov kev pabcuam uas twb muaj lawm txhawb nqa qhov kev thov tshiab? Qhov no yog tus nqi tseem ceeb.)
D. Networked / Tsis-Networked:(Koj puas xav tau kev them nyiaj ua haujlwm lossis kev saib xyuas tej thaj chaw deb?)
Table Of Contents
1. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau EV Charging Station Installation yog dab tsi?
Kev vam meej ntawm acoj mus muag EV chargerinstallation nyob ntawm ntau yam ntawm nws qhov chaw. Txhim kho cov chaw them nyiaj hauv qhov chaw zoo kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab ROI. Cov lag luam yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam lawv cov cuab yeej, cov neeg siv khoom tus cwj pwm, thiab cov qauv kev khiav tsheb los txiav txim siab qhov twg los nruabkev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tsheb.
1.1 Cov cheeb tsam kev lag luam thiab cov khw muag khoom
Cov cheeb tsam lag luamthiabchaw yuav khoomyog cov chaw zoo tshaj plaws raukev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tsheb. Cov chaw muaj tsheb thauj neeg coob no nyiam ntau tus neeg tuaj saib uas yuav siv sij hawm tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam - ua rau lawv cov neeg sib tw zoo tshaj rau EV them.
EV cov tswv yuav txaus siab rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev them lawv lub tsheb thaum mus yuav khoom, noj mov, lossis ua haujlwm.Kev lag luam tsheb them chaw nres tshebnyob rau hauv cov chaw no muab cov lag luam muaj lub cib fim zoo rau lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov neeg sib tw. Tsis tsuas yog lawv nyiam cov neeg siv khoom ib puag ncig, tab sis lawv kuj pab cov lag luam tsim lawv cov ntawv pov thawj kev ruaj ntseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov chaw them nqi hauvcoj mus muag hluav taws xob tsheb them cov ntsiab lus installationhauv cov chaw yuav khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov nyiaj tau los ntxiv los ntawm cov qauv them nyiaj ib zaug lossis cov tswvcuab tswvcuab.
1.2 Chaw ua haujlwm
Nrog tus lej loj hlob ntawmhluav taws xob cov tswv, muab EV them daws teeb meem ntawmchaw ua haujlwmyog ib qho kev tawm tswv yim rau kev lag luam nrhiav kev nyiam thiab khaws cov txuj ci. Cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tsav tsheb fais fab yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev nkag muscoj mus muag hluav taws xob tsheb chargersthaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, txo qhov kev xav tau rau lawv los ntawm kev them nyiaj hauv tsev.
Rau kev lag luam,coj mus muag EV charger installationntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txhim kho cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus siab thiab loyalty, thaum tseem ua rau cov hom phiaj kev lag luam ruaj khov. Nws yog ib qho kev xav rau pem hauv ntej los qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm tias lub tuam txhab txhawb kev hloov mus rau lub zog huv.
1.3 Chav tsev
Raws li ntau tus neeg hloov mus rau lub tsheb hluav taws xob, cov tsev nyob hauv tsev thiab ntau tsev neeg cov tsev nyob tau raug kev nyuaj siab los muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau lawv cov neeg nyob. Tsis zoo li tsev neeg ib leeg,cov tsev apartmentfeem ntau tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv tsev them nyiaj, uacoj mus muag EV chargersib tug tsim nyog feature nyob rau hauv niaj hnub vaj tse nyob.
Muabcoj mus muag hluav taws xob tsheb them cov ntsiab lus installationnyob rau hauv cov tsev apartment tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg xauj tsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj lossis npaj yuav yuav lub tsheb fais fab. Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws tseem tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov khoom muaj nqis, vim tias ntau tus neeg nyob hauv yuav ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv tsev nrog EV charging infrastructure.
1.4 Cov Ntsiab Lus Pabcuam Hauv Zos
Cov ntsiab lus pabcuam hauv zos, xws li chaw nres tsheb roj, khw muag khoom yooj yim, thiabtsev noj mov, yog cov chaw zoo raucoj mus muag EV them chaw nres tsheb. Cov chaw no feem ntau pom cov tsheb thauj mus los ntau, thiab cov tswv EV tuaj yeem them lawv lub tsheb thaum nres rau roj, zaub mov, lossis kev pabcuam ceev.
1.5 Cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw thiab siv cov qauv
Raws li covUS Department of Energy (DOE) Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC), qhov nruab nrab siv tus nqi rau pej xeem Theem 2 charger yog feem ntau qis (nyob ib ncig ntawm 5-10%), tab sis qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas tseem ceeb rau kev kwv yees ROI.
Los ntawm kev ntxivcoj mus muag tsheb them chaw nres tshebrau cov ntsiab lus kev pabcuam hauv zos, cov lag luam tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib dav dua thiab sib txawv lawv cov nyiaj tau los. Kev them nqi hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov zej zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim muaj coob tus neeg vam khom lub tsheb hluav taws xob rau kev mus ncig ntev.
2. Cov Chaw Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob tau xaiv li cas?
Thaum xaiv ibcoj mus muag EV charger, ob peb yam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los xyuas kom meej qhov chaw nres tsheb ua tau raws li kev lag luam cov kev xav tau thiab cov neeg siv EV. Nkag siab txog hom chaw them nqi thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab paub.
2.1 Theem 1 Chaw Them Nqi
Theem 1 them chaw nres tshebyog qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi zoo tshaj raucoj mus muag hluav taws xob tsheb chargers. Cov chargers no siv tus qauv 120V hauv tsev qhov hluav taws xob thiab feem ntau them tus nqi EV ntawm tus nqi ntawm 2-5 mais ntawm ib teev.Theem 1 chargersyog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw uas EVs yuav nres rau lub sijhawm ntev, xws li cov chaw ua haujlwm lossis cov tsev apartment.
ThaumTheem 1 them chaw nres tshebyog pheej yig rau nruab, lawv qeeb dua lwm cov kev xaiv, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis haum rau cov chaw tsheb loj uas cov tswv EV xav tau nqi ceev.
2.2 Theem 2 Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Chaw nres tsheb
Theem 2 chargersyog hom ntau tshaj raucoj mus muag EV chargers. Lawv ua haujlwm ntawm 240V Circuit Court thiab tuaj yeem them lub tsheb hluav taws xob 4-6 zaug sai duaTheem 1 chargers. Acoj mus muag Qib 2 EV charger, ua haujlwm ntawm 240V, feem ntau xa hluav taws xob los ntawmLub cev muaj zog 6 kW (25A) to Lub hwj chim: 19.2 kW (80A). Qhov no txhais ua kwv yees15-60 mais ntawm ntau yam hauv ib teev. Technical Note:Rau kev lag luam xa tawm,NEC Tshooj 625(EV Power Transfer System) yuav tsum tau ua raws li txhua txoj kev xaim thiab kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv.
Rau cov lag luam hauv cov chaw uas cov neeg siv khoom yuav nyob ntev dua - xws li cov khw muag khoom, cov tsev ua haujlwm, thiab chav tsev-Theem 2 chargersyog ib qho kev daws teeb meem thiab siv tau zoo. Cov chargers no yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov lag luam uas xav muab kev pab cuam txhim khu kev qha thiab ceev ceev rau cov tswv EV.
2.3 Theem 3 Chaw Them Nqi - DC Fast Chargers
2.4 Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb
Ib tus neeg muag khoom muag hauv Texas tau teeb tsa4 x 19.2kW Theem 2 chargers. Lawv nruab nrab tus nqi nruab ib qhov chaw nres nkoj yog$8,500(ua ntej kev txhawb siab). Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb tau kawm: lawv thawj zaug underestimated txoj hlua khiav deb, uas yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo dua cov conduit loj, nce trenching zog los ntawm15%.
Theem 3 them chaw nres tsheb, kuj hu uaDC ceev chargers, muab cov nqi them ceev tshaj plaws, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov chaw tsheb loj uas cov neeg siv khoom xav tau them ceev. Cov chaw nres tsheb no siv 480V DC lub zog hluav taws xob thiab tuaj yeem them EV txog 80% hauv li 30 feeb.
ThaumTheem 3 chargersyog kim dua rau nruab thiab tswj, lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa kev mus los ntev thiab ua noj rau cov neeg siv khoom uas xav tau tus nqi ceev. Cov chaw xws li chaw nres tsheb loj, cov chaw lag luam uas tsis khoom, thiab cov chaw thauj mus los yog qhov zoo rauDC ceev chargers.
3. Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Kev Lag Luam thiab Cov Nqi Them Nqi hauv Asmeskas
Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, muaj ntau yam kev pab cuam thiab kev txhawb siab tsim los txhawb kev txhim kho ntawmkev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tsheb. Cov kev cog lus no pab txhawb cov nqi siab tshaj thiab ua kom yooj yim rau cov lag luam los nqis peev hauv EV infrastructure.
3.1 Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tax Credits rau Commercial Electric Vehicle Chargers
Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tax Credit (ITC - 30C): Qhia meej txog Txoj Cai Lij Choj Tam Sim No (Tshwj xeeb Lub Ib Hlis 1, 2023 - Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 2032)- Cov lag luam txhim kho kev lag luam EV chargers yuav tsim nyog rau covAlternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit (IRS Form 8911). Qhov no muab rau30% ntawm tus nqi (txog $ 100,000 ib qhov chaw), muab qhov kev teeb tsa ua tau raws li cov nyiaj tau los thiab kev ua haujlwm.
3.2 National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) Formula Programs
Txoj haujlwm no, tswj hwm los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Txoj Kev Loj Hlob (FHWA), faib$5 billionrau cov xeev los tsim ib lub teb chaws network ntawm DC Fast Chargers raws li txoj kev xaiv.Cov lag luam yuav tsum thov los ntawm lawv lub xeev DOT chaw ua haujlwm.Rau cov xwm txheej tshiab thiab cov kev xav tau, saib covofficial FHWA NEVI lub vev xaib txuas ntawm no.
Los ntawm NEVI, cov lag luam tuaj yeem thov nyiaj los pab them cov nqi ntawmcoj mus muag EV charger installation, ua kom yooj yim rau lawv los pab txhawb kev loj hlob EV ecosystem.
4. Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Tus nqi ntawm kev txhim khokev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tshebnyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog hom charger, qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm.
4.1 Commercial Electric Vehicle Charging Station Infrastructure
Cov infrastructure xav tau rau kev txhim khocoj mus muag EV chargersfeem ntau yog qhov kim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov project. Cov lag luam yuav tsum tau hloov kho lawv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, suav nrog cov transformers, Circuit Court breakers, thiab xaim, kom haum raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog.Qib 2 or DC ceev chargers. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab los tswj cov amperage siab dua uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov khoom lag luam.
4.2 Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Tus nqi ntawmcoj mus muag EV charger installationsuav nrog kev ua haujlwm los txhim kho cov chav nyob thiab ib qho kev xaim tsim nyog. Qhov no tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa. Txhim kho cov chargers nyob rau hauv cov kev tsim kho tshiab lossis cov khoom siv nrog cov vaj tse uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsis tshua kim dua li kev txhim kho cov tsev qub.
4.3 Networked Electric Tsheb Charging Stations
Networked chargers muab kev lag luam nrog lub peev xwm los saib xyuas kev siv, taug qab kev them nyiaj, thiab tswj cov chaw nres tsheb nyob deb. Thaum lub tshuab sib txuas muaj cov nqi siab dua, lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig kev nqis peev rau cov lag luam tab tom nrhiav kom muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom.
4.4 Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb: Load Management thiab Demand Charges
Rau cov chaw lag luam, tsuas yog kho dua tshiab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tsis txaus. Load Management Systems yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev faib hluav taws xob thiab tsis txhob them tus nqi xav tau los ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau pawg ntawm Qib 2 lossis DCFC units. Cov kauj ruam kev npaj no yuav tsum muaj tus kws tsim hluav taws xob muaj ntawv tso cai los ua Load Calculation (ib NEC) ua ntej yuav pib ua haujlwm lub cev.
4.5 Yooj Yim Ua Lag Luam EV Charger Tus Qauv Tus Nqi (Raws Li Chaw Nres Nkoj kwv yees, Pre-Incentive)
| Yam khoom | Theem 2 (Single Port) | DCFC fais fab mov (50kW) |
|---|---|---|
| Khoom siv | $2,000 - $6,000 | $25,000 - $40,000 |
| Kev Txhim Kho Hluav Taws Xob / Infrastructure (Trenching, Conduits, Main Vaj Huam Sib Luag) | $3,000 - $10,000 | $40,000 - $100,000 |
| Installation Labor | $1,500 - $4,000 | $10,000 - $25,000 |
| Tus nqi kwv yees tag nrho (Range) | $6,500 - $20,000 | $75,000 - $165,000 |
Lus Cim: Cov nqi vaj tse sib txawv hnyav raws li qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sib txuas.
5. Pej xeem kev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tsheb
Lub installation thiab txij nkawm ntawmpej xeem kev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tshebxav tau kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov chaw nres tsheb tseem ua haujlwm thiab siv tau rau txhua tus tswv EV.
5.1 Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Txuas Hluav Taws Xob
Commercial EV chargerssiv ntau hom kev sib txuas, suav nrogSAE J1772rauTheem 2 chargers, thiabCHADEMO or CCSconnectors rauDC ceev chargers. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam rau nruabkev lag luam hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tshebuas yog sib xws nrog cov connectors feem ntau siv los ntawm EVs hauv lawv cheeb tsam.
5.2 Kev saib xyuas cov chaw nres tsheb hluav taws xob ua lag luam
Kev saib xyuas niaj hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tiascoj mus muag EV them chaw nres tshebnyob twj ywm ua haujlwm thiab txhim khu kev qha. Qhov no suav nrog kev hloov kho software, kev tshuaj xyuas kho vajtse, thiab kev daws teeb meem xws li hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis teeb meem kev sib txuas. Ntau lub lag luam xaiv rau cov ntawv cog lus kev pabcuam los xyuas kom meej lawvcoj mus muag EV chargersraug tswj xyuas kom raug thiab txuas ntxiv muab kev pabcuam txhim khu kev qha rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Raws li cov tsheb hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv tau muaj koob meej, qhov kev thov raucoj mus muag EV them chaw nres tshebtsuas yog xav kom sawv. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo xaiv qhov chaw zoo, hom charger, thiab cov neeg koom nrog kev teeb tsa, cov lag luam tuaj yeem ua lag luam loj hlob ntawm kev xav tau ntawm EV infrastructure. Kev txhawb siab xws li tsoomfwv cov qhab nia se thiab NEVI qhov kev pabcuam ua rau hloov mus raucoj mus muag EV chargerspheej yig dua, thaum kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ua kom koj cov peev txheej tseem ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo tom ntej.
Seb koj tab tom nrhiav rau nruabcoj mus muag qib 2 EV chargersntawm koj qhov chaw ua haujlwm lossis lub network ntawmDC ceev chargersntawm lub khw muag khoom, nqis peev hauvcoj mus muag EV them chaw nres tshebyog qhov kev xaiv ntse rau cov lag luam uas xav nyob ua ntej ntawm qhov nkhaus. Nrog rau kev paub thiab kev npaj tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho chaw them nqi uas tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau niaj hnub no tab sis kuj tau npaj rau EV kiv puag ncig ntawm tag kis.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-03-2024